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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Eastern Agricultural Complex ： ウィキペディア英語版 Eastern Agricultural Complex The Eastern Agricultural Complex was one of about 10 independent centers of plant domestication in the pre-historic world. By about 1,800 BCE the Native Americans (Indians) of North America were cultivating for food several species of plants, thus transitioning from a hunter-gatherer economy to agriculture. After 200 BCE when maize from Mexico was introduced what is now the eastern United States, the Indians of the present-day United States and Canada slowly changed from growing indigenous plants to a maize based agricultural economy. The cultivation of indigenous plants declined and was eventually abandoned, the formerly domesticated plants reverting to their wild forms.〔Smith, Bruce D. and Yarnell, Richard A. (April 21, 2009), "Initial formation of an indigenous crop complex in eastern North America", ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States," Vol. 106, No. 16, pp. 6561-6566〕 The initial four plants known to have been domesticated were goosefoot (''Chenopodium berlandieri''), sunflower (''Helianthus annuus var. macroscarpus''), marshelder (''Iva annua var. macrocarpa''), and squash (''Cucurbita pepo ssp. ovifera''). Several other species of plants were later domesticated.〔Smith and Yarnell, p. 6561〕 ==Term== The term Eastern Agricultural Complex (EAC) was popularized by anthropologist Ralph Linton in the 1940s. Linton suggested that the Eastern Woodland tribes integrated maize cultivation from Mexico into their own pre-existing agricultural practices. Ethnobotanists Volney H. Jones and Melvin R. Gilmore built upon Ralph Linton's understanding of Eastern Woodland agriculture with their work in cave and bluff dwellings in Kentucky and the Ozark Mountains in Arkansas. George Quimby also popularized the term "Eastern complex" in the 1940s. Authors Guy Gibbons and Kenneth Ames suggest that "indigenous seed crops" is a more appropriate term than "complex".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eastern Agricultural Complex」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.